Sudan’s president has launched a governing body to oversee a peace agreement intended to end the war in the western region of Darfur.
The deal was reached last year, but signed by only one of Darfur’s weaker rebel movements. The new Darfur Regional Authority aims to share power and wealth, compensate those affected by the nine-year war and help the return of displaced people. More than two million people remain in camps because of the fighting,
The UN estimates that more than 300,000 people have died in the conflict, mostly of disease. But the government in Khartoum puts the figure at about 12,000 people and says the number of dead has been exaggerated for political reasons.
The International Criminal Court has issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir and other officials, accusing them of genocide and crimes against humanity in Darfur – which they deny. The BBC’s James Copnall in Khartoum says fighting in Darfur, where an UN-African Union peacekeeping mission is deployed, has died down since 2006 – but the region is still extremely insecure.
Mr Bashir formally inaugurated the Darfur Regional Authority (DRA) in the regional capital Fasher, dancing for the crowds and waving his ceremonial swagger-stick in the air. Once the music stopped, he announced the release of all prisoners from the Liberty and Justice Movement (LJM), which signed last year’s Doha agreement. But the gesture was not extended to the three major rebel movements which rejected the deal.
Critics believe the DRA shares many of the weaknesses of the previous Darfur administration, a product of the 2006 Abuja peace deal. The one rebel signatory in 2006, Minni Minnawi, later went back into rebellion, leading one of the three main groups not to have signed the Doha agreement.
The DRA will be made up of government nominees, members of civil society and representatives from the LJM. Its leader, Tijani Sese, has been named the head of the DRA.
Power-sharing has to an extent been fulfilled already, since a Darfuri was made vice-president, and LJM now has ministers in the federal government, as well as in the DRA, he says. The DRA’s executive body, which includes ministers and heads of several commissions, also has a wide range of responsibilities for post-war reconstruction, reconciliation and good governance of Darfur.
Darfur has a history of tension over land and grazing rights between the mostly nomadic Arabs, and African farmer communities. The rebels have accused Khartoum of oppressing black African ethnic groups in favour of Arab ones. Darfur’s most powerful rebel group, the Justice and Equality Movement, is in disarray since its leader, Khalil Ibrahim, was killed in December.
